Thư viện tập trung - Thư viện điện tử

Sách, tuyển tập

Ultraviolet radiation : an authoritative scientific review of environmental and health effects of UV, with reference to global ozone layer depletion / published under the joint sponsorship of the United Nations Environment Programme, the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection and the World Health Organization / International Programme on Chemical Safety

Tác giả : International Programme on Chemical Safety

Nhà xuất bản : World Health Organization

Năm xuất bản : 1994

ISBN : 5225032613 (Russian); 9241571608

Tùng thư : Environmental health criteria

Chủ đề : 1. Environmental Exposure. 2. Radiation Effects. 3. Ultraviolet Rays.

Chia sẻ

Thông tin chi tiết

Tóm tắt :

A state-of-the-art review of the many lines of evidence - whether at the molecular or the clinical level - linking exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation to a range of adverse effects on human health. The report, which responds to concern over the depletion of stratospheric ozone and a corresponding increase in levels of UV radiation, makes a special effort to distinguish between established biological effects and those that have been reported as preliminary or isolated results, or as hypotheses proposed to explain observed results. By distinguishing areas of consensus from areas of continuing controversy, the book aims to establish a solid, scientific foundation for identifying precise health hazards, designing targeted programmes for prevention, and making realistic predictions for the future. Since UV radiation is an established human carcinogen, the report concentrates on the mechanisms by which UV radiation exerts its toxic effects and on the many environmental, constitutional, ethnic, behavioural, and other factors that influence individual risk. The opening chapters describe the physical characteristics of the electromagnetic spectrum and discuss the properties of different sources of UV radiation, including the sun, incandescent sources, gas discharges, electric discharges, fluorescent lamps, lasers, and sunbeds. The second chapter discusses human exposures occurring in various occupations, in medicine and dentistry, and in sunbathing, outdoor recreation, and other elective behaviours. Dosimetric concepts are reviewed in the third chapter, which concentrates on principles important to the design and interpretation of studies. Studies of the cellular and molecular effects of UV radiation on biological systems are reviewed in the next chapter, which notes that DNA is the most critical target for damage caused by UVB and UVC radiation. A review of findings from animal studies of both acute and chronic exposures concentrates on evidence of skin carcinogenesis, altered immune responses, including modification of susceptibility to infectious diseases, and damage to the eye. Evidence also supports the conclusion that many different genes and several viruses, including HIV, are activated by UV radiation. The most extensive part of the book reviews the large body of evidence from human studies of effects on the skin, immune function, and the eye. Apart from evidence that sun exposure causes cutaneous melanoma and non-melano-cytic skin cancer, these chapters cite evidence that exposure to UV radiation can enhance the risk of infectious diseases, reduce the effectiveness of vaccines, accelerate the development of AIDS in seropositive individuals, and cause a number of acute and chronic adverse effects on the eye. The remaining chapters summarize some well-documented effects on plant and aquatic ecosytems caused by UV radiation, assess health hazards and preventive measures for each of the main categories of exposure, and set out recommended international guidelines for establishing exposure limits Summary and evaluation; conclusions and recommendations also in French and SpanishFirst edition published in 1979352 p.

Chia sẻ

Hiển thị MARC

Thông tin dữ liệu nguồn

Thư viện	Ký hiệu xếp giá	Dữ liệu nguồn
Tổ chức y tế thế giới		https://iris.who.int/handle/10665/39901

Ldr		00025nam a2200024 a 4500
001		CLN240811579
020	__	$a9241571608
020	__	$a5225032613 (Russian)
041	__	$afa
041	__	$aen
041	__	$aru
041	__	$apl
100	__	$aInternational Programme on Chemical Safety
245	__	$aUltraviolet radiation : an authoritative scientific review of environmental and health effects of UV, with reference to global ozone layer depletion / published under the joint sponsorship of the United Nations Environment Programme, the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection and the World Health Organization /$cInternational Programme on Chemical Safety
260	__	$bWorld Health Organization ,$c1994
490	__	$aEnvironmental health criteria $v160
520	__	$aSummary and evaluation; conclusions and recommendations also in French and SpanishFirst edition published in 1979352 p.
520	__	$aA state-of-the-art review of the many lines of evidence - whether at the molecular or the clinical level - linking exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation to a range of adverse effects on human health. The report, which responds to concern over the depletion of stratospheric ozone and a corresponding increase in levels of UV radiation, makes a special effort to distinguish between established biological effects and those that have been reported as preliminary or isolated results, or as hypotheses proposed to explain observed results. By distinguishing areas of consensus from areas of continuing controversy, the book aims to establish a solid, scientific foundation for identifying precise health hazards, designing targeted programmes for prevention, and making realistic predictions for the future. Since UV radiation is an established human carcinogen, the report concentrates on the mechanisms by which UV radiation exerts its toxic effects and on the many environmental, constitutional, ethnic, behavioural, and other factors that influence individual risk. The opening chapters describe the physical characteristics of the electromagnetic spectrum and discuss the properties of different sources of UV radiation, including the sun, incandescent sources, gas discharges, electric discharges, fluorescent lamps, lasers, and sunbeds. The second chapter discusses human exposures occurring in various occupations, in medicine and dentistry, and in sunbathing, outdoor recreation, and other elective behaviours. Dosimetric concepts are reviewed in the third chapter, which concentrates on principles important to the design and interpretation of studies. Studies of the cellular and molecular effects of UV radiation on biological systems are reviewed in the next chapter, which notes that DNA is the most critical target for damage caused by UVB and UVC radiation. A review of findings from animal studies of both acute and chronic exposures concentrates on evidence of skin carcinogenesis, altered immune responses, including modification of susceptibility to infectious diseases, and damage to the eye. Evidence also supports the conclusion that many different genes and several viruses, including HIV, are activated by UV radiation. The most extensive part of the book reviews the large body of evidence from human studies of effects on the skin, immune function, and the eye. Apart from evidence that sun exposure causes cutaneous melanoma and non-melano-cytic skin cancer, these chapters cite evidence that exposure to UV radiation can enhance the risk of infectious diseases, reduce the effectiveness of vaccines, accelerate the development of AIDS in seropositive individuals, and cause a number of acute and chronic adverse effects on the eye. The remaining chapters summarize some well-documented effects on plant and aquatic ecosytems caused by UV radiation, assess health hazards and preventive measures for each of the main categories of exposure, and set out recommended international guidelines for establishing exposure limits
650	_2	$aUltraviolet Rays
650	_2	$aEnvironmental Exposure
650	_2	$aRadiation Effects
856	__	$uhttps://iris.who.int/handle/10665/39901
900		1
925		G
926		0
927		SH

Thông tin dữ liệu nguồn

Tài liệu cùng tác giả

WHO human health risk assessment toolkit: chemical hazards / World Health Organization;International Programme on Chemical Safety

Dermal exposure / World Health Organization;International Programme on Chemical Safety;Inter-Organization Programme for the Sound Management of Chemicals

Ultraviolet radiation / World Health Organization;International Programme on Chemical Safety

Carbon monoxide / World Health Organization;International Programme on Chemical Safety

Polychlorinated biphenyls and terphenyls / World Health Organization;International Programme on Chemical Safety

Lời ngỏ

Mục đích và phương châm hoạt động

Bản quyền