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Romania: health system review / World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe;European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies;Vlădescu, Cristian;Scîntee, Silvia G;Olsavszky, Victor;Hernández-Quevedo, Cristina;Sagan, Anna

Tác giả : World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe;European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies;Vlădescu, Cristian;Scîntee, Silvia G;Olsavszky, Victor;Hernández-Quevedo, Cristina;Sagan, Anna

Nhà xuất bản : World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe

Năm xuất bản : 2016

Tùng thư : Health Systems in Transition, vol. 18 (4)

Chủ đề : 1. Delivery of Health Care -- organization and administration. 2. Evaluation Studies. 3. Health Care Reform. 4. Health Systems Plans. 5. Healthcare Financing. 6. Romania. 7. Publications.

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170 p. This analysis of the Romanian health system reviews recent developmentsin organization and governance, health financing, health care provision,health reforms and health system performance.The Romanian health care system is a social health insurance system thathas remained highly centralized despite recent efforts to decentralize someregulatory functions. It provides a comprehensive benefits package to the 85%of the population that is covered, with the remaining population having accessto a minimum package of benefits. While every insured person has accessto the same health care benefits regardless of their socioeconomic situation,there are inequities in access to health care across many dimensions, such asrural versus urban, and health outcomes also differ across these dimensions.The Romanian population has seen increasing life expectancy and decliningmortality rates but both remain among the worst in the European Union (EU).Some unfavourable trends have been observed, including increasing numbersof new HIV/AIDS diagnoses and falling immunization rates.Public sources account for over 80% of total health financing. However,that leaves considerable out-of-pocket payments covering almost a fifthof total expenditure. The share of informal payments also seems to besubstantial, but precise figures are unknown. In 2014, Romania had the lowesthealth expenditure as a share of gross domestic product (GDP) among theEU Member States.In line with the government’s objective of strengthening the role of primarycare, the total number of hospital beds has been decreasing. However, healthcare provision remains characterized by underprovision of primary andcommunity care and inappropriate use of inpatient and specialized outpatientcare, including care in hospital emergency departments. The numbers ofphysicians and nurses are relatively low in Romania compared to EU averages.This has mainly been attributed to the high rates of workers emigrating abroadover the past decade, exacerbated by Romania’s EU accession and the reductionof public sector salaries due to the economic crisis.Reform in the Romanian health system has been both constant and yetfrequently ineffective, due in part to the high degree of political instability.Recent reforms have focused mainly on introducing cost-saving measures,for example, by attempting to shift some of the health care costs to drugmanufacturers (by claw-back) and to the population (through co-payments),and on improving the monitoring of health care expenditure.

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Thông tin dữ liệu nguồn

Thư viện	Ký hiệu xếp giá	Dữ liệu nguồn
Tổ chức y tế thế giới		https://iris.who.int/handle/10665/330243

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260	__	$bWorld Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe ,$c2016
490	__	$aHealth Systems in Transition, vol. 18 (4)
520	__	$a170 p.
520	__	$aThis analysis of the Romanian health system reviews recent developmentsin organization and governance, health financing, health care provision,health reforms and health system performance.The Romanian health care system is a social health insurance system thathas remained highly centralized despite recent efforts to decentralize someregulatory functions. It provides a comprehensive benefits package to the 85%of the population that is covered, with the remaining population having accessto a minimum package of benefits. While every insured person has accessto the same health care benefits regardless of their socioeconomic situation,there are inequities in access to health care across many dimensions, such asrural versus urban, and health outcomes also differ across these dimensions.The Romanian population has seen increasing life expectancy and decliningmortality rates but both remain among the worst in the European Union (EU).Some unfavourable trends have been observed, including increasing numbersof new HIV/AIDS diagnoses and falling immunization rates.Public sources account for over 80% of total health financing. However,that leaves considerable out-of-pocket payments covering almost a fifthof total expenditure. The share of informal payments also seems to besubstantial, but precise figures are unknown. In 2014, Romania had the lowesthealth expenditure as a share of gross domestic product (GDP) among theEU Member States.In line with the government’s objective of strengthening the role of primarycare, the total number of hospital beds has been decreasing. However, healthcare provision remains characterized by underprovision of primary andcommunity care and inappropriate use of inpatient and specialized outpatientcare, including care in hospital emergency departments. The numbers ofphysicians and nurses are relatively low in Romania compared to EU averages.This has mainly been attributed to the high rates of workers emigrating abroadover the past decade, exacerbated by Romania’s EU accession and the reductionof public sector salaries due to the economic crisis.Reform in the Romanian health system has been both constant and yetfrequently ineffective, due in part to the high degree of political instability.Recent reforms have focused mainly on introducing cost-saving measures,for example, by attempting to shift some of the health care costs to drugmanufacturers (by claw-back) and to the population (through co-payments),and on improving the monitoring of health care expenditure.
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Romania: health system review / World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe;European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies;Vlădescu, Cristian;Scîntee, Silvia G;Olsavszky, Victor;Hernández-Quevedo, Cristina;Sagan, Anna

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Public health aspects of alcohol and drug dependence: report on a WHO conference, Dubrovnik, 21–25 August 1978 / World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe

Environmental health impact assessment: report on a WHO seminar, Argostoli, Kefalonia, Greece, 2–6 October 1978 / World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe

Writing about suicide in a responsible way: training course for media professionals and students / World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe

Manpower development in toxicology: report on a WHO consultation, Copenhagen, 11–15 December 1978 / World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe

Setting the foundation for quality management in home- and community-based long-term care / World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe

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